Magnesium carbonate yog ib qho inorganic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula MgCO₃, muaj li ntawm magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) thiab carbonate ions (CO₃²⁻). Txawm hais tias nws zoo li yooj yim muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov sib xyaw no qhia tau hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam, tshuaj, thiab khoom noj khoom haus, vim nws cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab ntau hom. Los ntawm nws cov qauv siv lead ua rau nws ntau hom hydrated, magnesium carbonate nthuav tawm qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm magnesium carbonate nyob hauv plawv ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, feem ntau cov ntxhia daim ntawv yog magnesite, uas belongs rau lub trigonal crystal system. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv no, txhua magnesium ion nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm rau oxygen atoms nyob rau hauv ib qho kev npaj octahedral, thaum txhua carbonate ion qhia oxygen atoms nrog peb magnesium ions, tsim ib txheej txheej.
Qhov kev npaj no imparts siab thermal stability thiab mechanical zog rau magnesite. Cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm magnesium carbonate tau hloov pauv hauv cov lus teb rau kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias; nyob rau hauv siab - siab, nws hloov mus rau ib tug denser structural daim ntawv.
Magnesium carbonate muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom hydrated. Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus dej molecules muab tso rau hauv cov iav siv lead ua, nws tuaj yeem tsim tau ob peb hydrates, feem ntau yog trihydrate (MgCO₃·3H₂O), tetrahydrate (MgCO₃·4H₂O), thiab pentahydrate (MgCO₃·5H₂O). Cov hydrates no txawv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv siv lead ua tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lawv cov physicochemical zog.
Thaum lub trihydrate thiab tetrahydrate yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub, cov pentahydrate poob nws cov dej ntawm crystallization yooj yim dua. Thaum cua sov, cov hydrates tau dhau los ua lub cev qhuav dej, thaum kawg hloov mus rau hauv cov dej tsis muaj magnesium carbonate. Cov txheej txheem lub cev qhuav dej no tsis yog qhov hloov pauv lub cev yooj yim xwb tab sis suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua.